Showing posts with label Confederacy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Confederacy. Show all posts

Friday, July 14, 2023

QUORA: ‘Were the Confederate States fascist?’

 QUORA: ‘Were the Confederate States fascist?’


I posted this answer:


Well, they were socialist, but more akin to communism than fascism (if by fascism you mean the system defined by Benito Mussolini and the philosopher Giovanni Gentile in 1932). 


As the Abolitionist movement gained strength in the decades leading up to the Civil War, Southern intellectuals mounted a spirited moral and economic defense of slavery. They defended plantation slavery on grounds that anticipated Karl Marx. Leading Antebellum intellectual George Fitzhugh, for example, published a widely read book titled Sociology For The South: Or The Failure Of A Free Society (1854). In this book, Fitzhugh defended plantation slavery as “the beau ideal of communism,” while condemning the free labor of the North as victims of greedy capitalists. The slaves, he argued, were well taken care of from cradle to grave, and always had employment when they could work. When they couldn’t work, Fitzhugh explained, they were well supported by their masters. “The children and the aged and infirm, work not at all, and yet have all the comforts and necessaries of life provided for them. They enjoy liberty, because they are opposed neither by care nor labor.” 


The free labor of the North, Fitzhugh held, were not really free because they were at the mercy of exploitative capitalists, to whom they had to sell their labor for money, and could be fired at will, leaving they and their families on their own with no support. James Henry Hammond, South Carolina governor, argued that black slaves were better off than Northern free laborers, whom he argued were essentially wage slaves. This is essentially the argument that Marx would advance in support of his brand of Communism. 


As historian C. Bradley Thompson has observed, Southern intellectuals, drawing on German philosophy, were the first in America to reject the Declaration of Independence and free market capitalism. They were essentially Marxists before Marx.* 


Of course, most whites and some blacks were relatively free, so the Confederate states defy broad labels like socialist, Communist, or Fascist. If one were to label the South, Slavocracy would best “fit the bill.” 


* [Thompson is the author of America's Revolutionary Mind: A Moral History of the American Revolution and the Declaration That Defined It]

 

Related Reading:


Brad Thompson on “the unidentified, unacknowledged union of proslavery and progressive thought.”


Sociology for the South: Or the Failure of Free Society by George Fitzhugh


QUORA: ‘Why do fascism and communism often go hand in hand when they are philosophically polar opposites?’


Sunday, January 23, 2022

Joe Biden—the Real Protégé of Jefferson Davis

In a leadup to Martin Luther King Jr. day, 2022, President Joe Biden gave a rousing speech in Georgia pushing his party’s so-called Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act, which combines the Freedom to Vote Act and the John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act. But this was no mere campaign-style speech. Biden dove right into the thick of political philosophy, reaching straight back to the Founding of America. In doing so, Biden clearly and explicitly exposed the reactionary premises of the Democratic Party.


Before we delve into that let me briefly say a bit about this bill. First, despite the title, this bill is not about voting rights. Nowhere in the United States are voting rights an issue. No one is advocating for violating anyone’s right to vote. Democrats’ hysterical fear mongering demagoguery notwithstanding, the whole hoopla is really only about voting procedures and rules, and who -- Congress or state legislatures -- has responsibility over them. That's a vitally important Constitutional separation of powers issue. But while most states are revising, or have revised, their voting laws following last year’s emergency Covid-19 revisions to facilitate the 2020 presidential elections, the right to vote is not anywhere threatened. Specific features of these revised voting laws can be debatable. But an assault on voting rights? No one has ever pointed to one. See my recent post Jesse Jackson’s Big Lie: ‘American Democracy is Under Siege’.


Second, the real danger in this bill are the poison pills designed to undermine rights to freedom of speech, assembly, conscience, and privacy. One provision would establish taxpayer funding of federal elections—which means that the people who seek our votes, which if they win gives them the authority to pass laws that we are forced to live under, will be able to pick our pockets at gunpoint (tax us) to pay for their campaigns. Another provision would ban so-called “dark money,” which is private money donated to political action committees engaged in issue or candidate advocacy. The political and moral horrors of these provisions is covered in my post HR-1 is An Assault on Free Speech, Property Rights, Freedom of Conscience, and Privacy (HR-1 is the precursor to the current bill). 


That said, Biden’s Georgia speech is  much more consequential than any one act of congress because it is deeply philosophical in a way that goes straight to the heart of what America is. Here are some excerpts from Remarks by President Biden on Protecting the Right to Vote, with my annotates:


In our lives and the lives of our nation — the life of our nation, there are moments so stark that they divide all that came before from everything that followed.  They stop time.  They rip away the trivial from the essential.  And they force us to confront hard truths about ourselves, about our institutions, and about our democracy.


This is true. And Biden and the Democratic Party are making this one of those stark moments -- but not in the way Biden means.


Today, we come to Atlanta — the cradle of civil rights — to make clear what must come after that dreadful day when a dagger was literally held at the throat of American democracy.


As we shall see, Biden’s “American democracy” is nothing like anything America stands for. After reciting horrible events in which “time stopped”—bombings of black churches, murders of children, Ku Klux Klan attacks—Biden states:


They stopped — time stopped, and they forced the country to confront the hard truths and to act — to act to keep the promise of America alive: the promise that holds that we’re all created equal but, more importantly, deserve to be treated equally.  And from those moments of darkness and despair came light and hope.


Yes, indeed. The promise of America is anchored in the recognition of original equality and the right to be treated equally -- by the government and its laws. Does Biden really understand what that means?


Democrats, Republicans, and independents worked to pass the historic Civil Rights Act and the voting rights legislation.  And each successive generation continued that ongoing work.


Again, true. The “historic Civil Rights Act and the voting rights legislation” followed Martin Luther King’s reminder of “the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence,” and his hope “that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal,’” and finally grant negroes “the riches of freedom and the security of justice,” a “dream” of King’s that is “deeply rooted in the American dream.” Keep this in mind, as we move deeper into Biden’s speech.


But then the violent mob of January 6th, 2021, empowered and encouraged by a defeated former president, sought to win through violence what he had lost at the ballot box, to impose the will of the mob, to overturn a free and fair election, and, for the first time — the first time in American history, they — to stop the peaceful transfer of power.


That certainly was a mob attempting to impose its will. As we will see, Biden, the worshiper of Democracy, is the last person to complain about mob rule.


Biden goes on to trash the new Georgia voting law designed, he asserts, to “suppress the right to vote.” This is a law that makes it much easier to vote than 10 years ago, because it includes early voting, remote drop boxes, and “no-excuse” mail-in balloting--meaning mail-in ballots can be requested without any reason. Biden spouts the voter suppression lie despite myriad experts who have observed that, at worst, the new law will not have any effect on turnout and that the provisions of Georgia’s new law generally compare favorably with many other states. Thus, as Jonah Goldberg points out, “Biden will be the second president in a row to tell voters in Georgia there’s no point in voting because the system is rigged,” without justification. The first, of course, was Donald Trump, in the leadup to the Georgia Senate runoff elections a year ago, handing control of the Senate to the Democrats.


After further demagoging, Biden pivots to a call to selectively end the filibuster so as to allow a simple Senate majority to pass the voting bill:


Today I’m making it clear: To protect our democracy, I support changing the Senate rules, whichever way they need to be changed — (applause) — to prevent a minority of senators from blocking action on voting rights.  (Applause.)  


When it comes to protecting majority rule in America, the majority should rule in the United States Senate.  [My emphasis]


And so Biden’s reactionary philosophic treason begins to come into focus. America has never been about “protecting majority rule.” America has always been about protecting individual self-rule—inalienable individual rights—from tyrannies of every kind, including electoral majorities.


Then comes the clincher—Biden’s philosophic treason in full bloom:


I make this announcement with careful deliberation, recognizing the fundamental right to vote is the right from which all other rights flow.


This is nothing short of a repudiation of America and its Enlightenment roots. The Declaration of Independence states clearly, in these “magnificent words” as per Doctor Martin Luther King Jr., 


We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed . . . [my emphasis]


This is not mere rhetorical flourish. The idea of unalienable Rights and the government’s sole purpose to “to secure these rights” is deeply rooted in Enlightenment philosophy, led by John Locke and, ultimately, clarified and solidified by 20th Century philosopher Ayn Rand. The principle of individual rights is derived from man’s individual nature as a rational being, and precedes government. The truth is the exact opposite of Biden’s reactionary formulation: Man’s  fundamental rights to Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness are the rights from which all other rights flow—including the right to vote.


After railing against Trump and his supporters for attempting to commandeer “the kind of power you see in totalitarian states, not in democracies,” Biden announces that rights are privileges granted by government, a foundational power of totalitarian states. This is not a power of constitutional republics such as, in its Founding ideals—the very same ideals drawn on by King in support of his Civil rights Movement—the United States of America!


So what does it mean, in practice, when “the fundamental right to vote is the right from which all other rights flow?” It means majority rule. Mob rule. When rights flow from the right to vote, then all rights flow from government—and the flow goes both ways.


  • It means the “rights” of majorities to vote minorities into slavery, which was a plank of the antebellum Democratic Party. 
  • It means the “rights” of majorities, or the majority’s elected representatives, to force unwilling citizens to fund political campaigns. 
  • It means the power to vote in governments to grant “rights” to material benefits, such as healthcare or education, that take away the rights of the citizens who are forced to provide and/or fund them—selectively, as in the regulatory welfare state, or across the board, as in a fully socialist country
  • It means the “right” of voters to install sharia law, violating the right to freedom of religion.
  • It means that Jim Crow laws were legitimate, democratically legitimate. Those laws were established by elected representatives--and, for a time upheld by the courts.


That’s exactly the evil that the Founders abolished. When the British government began systematically to take away the colonists’ “rights of Englishmen,” the Founders realized that there must be a firmer foundation for rights than the benevolence (or lack of) of a King or other ruling authority, including the rule of elected legislatures. They found that firm foundation for the preservation of their rights in the theory of natural rights, a product of The Enlightenment; the theory that man by his very nature, and his relationship to broader nature, requires the freedom to take the actions necessary for the furtherance of his life, secured by, in the words of John Locke, inalienable individual rights.  


The Democratic Party, along with the Confederate intellectuals, rejected those principles by radically reinterpreting the Founding of America as a Democracy, not a constitutional republic. The Democrats haven’t changed their stripes. They claimed rights were grants of state authority, derived from the vote, rather than from the laws of nature, and their elected governments deprived blacks their rights—The fundamental right to vote is the right from which all other rights flow--or not flow, as elected representatives deemed to declare. Today, on Democratic Party reactionary premises, an entire country can be voted into socialist slavery. The Democratic Party has Democratic Socialists embedded within. Venezuela elected and re-elected socialists leaders Chavez and Madura, and rights were systematically stripped away--voted away--turning Venezuela into an unfree, impoverished basket case. 


That’s what you get when you declare that rights come from the state--that the fundamental right to vote is the right from which all other rights flow. As we can clearly see in theory and in practice, a government from which rights flow is also a government from which rights can recede. Biden has it backwards. In fact, in a Democracy as conceived by Biden, the right to vote is the “right” that puts all other rights at risk.


Then came the final outrage of Biden’s philosophic treason. Biden framed the debate over his Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act in apocalyptic demagoguery—as a choice of democracy over autocracy, light over shadows, justice over injustice; as a choice for or against voter suppression, election subversion, and democracy. With a straight face, Biden dropped the hammer on opponents:


So, I ask every elected official in America: How do you want to be remembered? 


At consequential moments in history, they present a choice: Do you want to be the si- — on the side of Dr. King or George Wallace?  Do you want to be on the side of John Lewis or Bull Connor?  Do you want to be on the side of Abraham Lincoln or Jefferson Davis?


It was the Confederate intelligentsia that repudiated the ideal of inalienable individual rights, summarized as “natural rights theory,” and reconceived America as a Democracy under which all rights flow from government—to protect their slavocracy. Who, then, is siding with the president of the slaveholding Confederacy, Jefferson Davis? Biden’s belief that “the fundamental right to vote is the right from which all other rights flow,” a principle upon which his Justice Department is basing its lawsuit against the state of Georgia over that state’s new election law, dovetails seamlessly with the philosophy of the Confederate States of America and its Democratic Party allies. 


To Joe Biden and the Democratic Party, election to political office in America is not an honorable job that entails doing the legal work of securing the fundamental rights to life, liberty, property, and the pursuit of happiness of its citizens. To today’s democratic socialist Democrats, like the antebellum Democrats and the Jim Crow Democrats and the welfare state Democrats, getting elected to political office is a license for totalitarian power—to do the work of deciding what rights are, who gets them, who doesn’t, and to enforce those “rights” through legal coercion. While pretending to be on the side of mid-twentieth century civil rights crusaders, Biden is actually on the opposite side philosophically. Whereas Martin Luther King Jr., for all of his mixed and inconsistent politics, was squarely on the side of the Founding principles. Joe Biden has chosen the opposite side. And since philosophy is the primary engine of history, who, then, sides with Jefferson Davis? Add to this the fact that, as political scholar Michael Barone reminds us, “George Wallace, Bull Connor, and Jefferson Davis were all partisan Democrats.” 


The evidence is indisputable. Joe Biden is the Real Protégé of Jefferson Davis.


[This post was updated on 1/26/2022.]


Related Reading:


Voting Rights are Not the ‘Most Fundamental Right’—or Even a Fundamental Right. 


The Dangerous Totalitarian Premise Underpinning the Justice Department’s Suit Against Georgia’s New Election Law


America's Revolutionary Mind: A Moral History of the American Revolution and the Declaration That Defined It by C. Bradley Thompson


America; Democracy or Republic or Both--Why it Matters


Senator Mike Lee is Right: America ‘is not a Democracy’


Rights and Democracy


Constitutional Republicanism: A Counter-Argument to Barbara Rank’s Ode to Democracy


Mesmerized by Elections, the NJ Star-Ledger Forgot that Tyranny is Tyranny


The Conscience of the Constitution: The Declaration of Independence and the Right to Liberty—Timothy Sandefur


Equality and the American Dream by C. Bradley Thompson


Martin Luther King Jr. and the Fundamental Principle of America by Michael A. Laferrara, my article for The Objective Standard



Related Viewing:


What Are Rights and Where Do They Come From? by Harry Binswanger

Wednesday, May 26, 2021

The Racism of the ‘Anti-Racists’: Oakland Reprises the Confederacy.

Amanda Prestigiacomo reports on a horrendously immoral, anti-American, and racist policy imposed on the residents of Oakland, California by its mayor, Libby Schaaf, and its city government. In Democrat Mayor Giving $500 A Month To Families Of Color To Shrink ‘Racial Wealth Gap’, Prestigiacomo explains that poor white families are excluded from the program.


Democratic Mayor Libby Schaaf of Oakland, California, announced a new program Tuesday that would give $500 a month no-strings-attached checks to some low income families of color, though low income white families are expressly excluded.


Starting this spring, about 600 randomly selected families of color in Oakland will receive $500 checks each month for at least a year and a half. The included families will have to make less than $30,000 annually and have at least one child.


And, again, they cannot be white.


“To qualify, families must have at least one child and make less than 50 percent of the area median — about $59,000 annually for a family of three,” The Washington Post detailed. “And they must be Black, Indigenous or otherwise identify as people of color.”


It’s not your standard forced redistribution of wealth, legalized theft. It is not just racist. The ugly hand of egalitarianism tops off this program. The phony “problem” of economic inequality is being applied:


“There are huge [wealth and income] gaps between people of color and our white residents,” Schaaf told The Washington Post, seemingly rationalizing the express exclusion of poor white people. “With the limited resources of this pilot, we would like to understand better how we can understand these disparities as well as address overall poverty.”


How do mere statistical disparities justify stealing money from taxpayers to hand out to people who didn’t earn it? They don’t, any more than the money in your wallet justifies a burglar’s robbing you. While this program is voluntarily funded—


The money comes from a $7 million fund raised through the Oakland Resilient Families program, according to the New York Post. The program is “100% funded through philanthropic donations,” the City of Oakland noted in a March 23 announcement.


—this is a trial balloon that advocates hope will serve as a model for a federal program.


Schaaf’s program is ostensibly intended to be temporary, but the Democrat makes clear that she’d like the program to be adopted federally.


“The federal government is the only one that can provide an entitlement to meet whatever need there is,” said Schaaf.


People could spend their money any way they want, of course. But the federal connection is one reason why this program should be called out. Another is that no United States governmental entity should ever be involved in this or like programs. Despite the philanthropic funding source, the government is bound by the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. Just as a government cannot favor one religion over another, the government cannot discriminate based on skin color, as this program does. The private Oakland Resilient Families can discriminate, of course. Racial discrimination is evil, but private individuals have that right. Not so, governmental entities. While I’m not a constitutional expert, and there are narrowly defined allowances for governmental racial discrimination, my view is that by actively promoting this program, the Oakland government is violating the U.S. Constitution and likely the California State Constitution.


This is more evidence of the racism of the Anti-Racists. That this Oakland program is racist and violates the14th Amendment guarantee of equality before the law requires no further commentary. And it is only one of many similar mostly Democratic policies coming down the pike. (Vermont’s vaccine distribution program, though superficially “justified” for medical reasons, is racially biased. President Biden’s Covid relief bill contains an explicitly racist farm subsidy program. And Marin County, California, has a racist guaranteed income program similar to Oakland’s, but that includes public (taxpayer) funding.)


This is not merely another welfare state forced transfer program, which are meant, at least on paper, to lift the poor. Oakland is not even about reparations, which carry an element of plausibility and arguability—actual victims of racist government policies should be compensated. More deeply, this is egalitarianism in action. Egalitarianism holds that equality of material and spiritual outcome is the fundamental moral value and standard of good and evil, regardless of individual attributes, achievements, character, or moral standing. These individual diversities and many others that affect individual outcomes, natural as they are, are irrelevant to the egalitarian. Human beings are devoid of souls, or their souls are irrelevant, according to egalitarianism. They are hollow shells. Statistical group disparities, or “gaps”—collectivism—is all that matters. Justice has no place in the egalitarian universe. Yet, no one has ever offered a rational argument in favor of the premise that inequality in, say, income and wealth (aka "wealth gaps') is in any respect problematic, or that equality of any kind other than equal rights before the law is good.


Programs like Oakland's are meant to equalize people's lives, as an end in itself. This is unnatural and, I submit, evil. That's egalitarianism—evil stripped naked of all pretense. It begins with theft and ends in Killing Fields.


The 19th Century Abolitionists fought a long hard ideological “cold Civil War” against the remnants of slavery in America, culiminating in a long and bloody hot Civil War that finally eraticated slavery in the South. But the anti-slave forces didn’t stop there. They solidified their victory over slavery with the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments—the Civil War Amendments—clarifying the intent of the “glorious liberty document” by explicitly guaranteeing full citizenship and equality before the law for the emancipated slaves and all Americans regardless of color or economic status. The Civil rights Movement led by Martin Luther King Jr. fought, and won, the battle against race-based Jim Crow laws. The racist, egalitarian Oakland program is a direct rollback of at least the 14th Amendment, and more broadly the spirit of the Civil War Amendments, as well as a repudiation of the Civil Rights Movement. This is not only Jim Crow 2.0. The ghost of the Confederacy hangs over the Oakland government and this anti-American program. For shame.


Related Reading:


Racism— by Ayn Rand


The Racism of the ‘Anti-Racists’


Heather McGhee Shamefully Links Racism to ‘Whites’, Anti-Racism to Socialism, and Capitalism to Racists


The Racism of the Anti-Racists: Dr. Jill Biden, Wanda Blanchett, and Dr. Bob Harris


The Racism of the ‘Anti-Racists’: San Diego’s ‘Educators’


The Racism of the 'Anti-Racists': 'This New America' - Apartheid?


The Racism of the ‘Anti-Racists’: The NJ State Budget


The Racism of the ‘Anti-Racists’: NJ Governor Murphy’s Strange and Discriminatory ‘Baby Bonds’ Scheme


An Anti-Racist Education for Middle Schoolers by ROBBY SOAVE for Reason

Thursday, August 24, 2017

Donald Trump on Charlottesville; Robert E. Lee vs. George Washington

At a recent press conference that was supposed to be about his federal infrastructure plans, President Trump dove back into the Charlottesville controversy. Among other things, Trump said this about the movement to remove Confederate monuments.


"So this week it's Robert E. Lee. I noticed that Stonewall Jackson's coming down. I wonder, is it George Washington next week? And is it Thomas Jefferson the week after? You know, you all -- you really do have to ask yourself, where does it stop?"


Indeed . . . where does it stop—that is, where does the display of blatantly anti-American symbolism end? Trump also referred to the removal of the statues of the two Confederate generals as “changing history.” It is no such thing.


The New Jersey Star-Ledger weighed in well in its editorial Trump's warped sense of history emboldens white nationalists.


Washington and Jefferson, while slave owners, are also among our country's founders and former presidents. They were complicated men, but in no way comparable to the leaders of an army whose primary purpose was to defend slavery.


This statement is absolutely true. Thank you for that observation. Trump’s equation of Lee and Jackson with Washington and Jefferson is a moral abomination.


Washington’s and Jefferson’s primary purpose was to fight to create a country based on the principles of political equality that rips the “justifications” for slavery to shreds. It is they who gave the philosophic firepower for freedom fighters throughout U.S. history, from the Abolitionist Movement led by Frederick Douglass, to the Women’s Suffrage Movement, to Abe Lincoln, to Martin Luther King, to Harvey Milk, all of whom explicitly drew on the U.S. Constitution and/or the Declaration of Independence in the fight to extend the equal rights promised by America's Founders to slaves, blacks, women, and gays. President Coolidge’s signing of the Act to grant citizenship to all native-born American Indians is also rooted in our principles. The Founding of America was a key turning point in the long battle for freedom, because it defined freedom as individual equality of rights.


Lee and Jackson, on the other hand, led a military campaign to protect a breakaway confederacy that explicitly rejected the proposition that all men are equal in unalienable rights. The Confederates had to reject those principles and turn its back on America: slavery cannot indefinitely coexist with the Declaration of Independence. One or the other had to go. The Confederates dumped the Declaration of Independence.


Context is crucial. You don’t have to excuse their ownership of slaves to recognize the great achievements of Washington and Jefferson. America inherited slavery, and thanks to visionary leaders like Washington and Jefferson, America became part of the solution. They were on the right side of the struggle for a fully free country for all people, and on balance we have a much better country and world for it. The Confederacy was part of the problem. It was willing to reject America’s Founding principles and tear the United States apart to protect a racist slave dictatorship.


We should always remember history in its full context. But that principle does not forbid moral evaluations or require moral agnosticism. To build monuments to Confederate leaders like Lee is as un-American as building monuments to Hitler’s or Stalin’s generals. The Confederacy was just as un-American as Nazi Germany and Soviet Russia—and so was the group protesting the removal of Lee’s monument. While I don’t endorse everything said in its editorial, I think the Star-Ledger gets the gist of it right: In equating Lee to Washington, Trump exhibits a warped sense of history. So do many others.


New Jersey Senator Cory Booker has introduced a bill to remove Confederate statues from Capitol Hill. I think this is long overdue, although I cannot unequivocally endorse Bookers whole bill without knowing exactly what it says. But Booker told CNN:


"They are, unequivocally, not only statues of treasonous Americans, but are symbolic to some who seek to revise history and advance hate and division," the lawmaker added. "To millions of Americans, they are painful, injurious symbols of bigotry and hate, celebrating individuals who sought to break our nation asunder and preserve the vile institution of slavery and white supremacy.”


I don’t know exactly what he means when he say the statues “revise history and advance hate and division.” But he’s spot on that the statues of individual heroes of the Confederacy represent “treasonous Americans.” The whole history of America, including the Confederacy and its supporters, should always be taught to new generations.


But that doesn’t mean glorifying anti-Americans alongside the Washington Memorial. The Confederacy did not represent America. It represents the repudiation of America—a reactionary breakaway from America based on the rejection of the very principles that Americanism stands on. I stand with the anti-Confederate movement to remove pro-Confederate monuments.


Related Reading: